Communications to the Academy by its members

22 Oct The patient, technologies and ambulatory medicine

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National Academy of Technologies of France (NATF)
2008
Due to the increased life expectancy and the related increase of chronic diseases (as opposed to acute disorders when patients are younger), an alternative approach to hospital care has become necessary: a third of the population of France and the US now suffers from chronic diseases.  Ambulatory medicine, which is a health care system that keeps the patient at home while offering him the same outstanding quality care that he would receive at the hospital, is such an economically viable approach, responding at the same time to the wishes of patients, to economic requirements and scientific, technological and medical developments. This report describes recent advances of ambulatory medical care, identifies obstacles to overcome and incentives to encourage and makes recommendations for future development with the aim of optimizing the management of healthcare costs, with special emphasis on the role of information technology to master the complex system of information flows between the many stakeholders.  It does also identify the potential hurdles and necessary incentives and looks at issues of compliance with existing law and legal adaptation to the new requirements.  It also evokes the necessary training of the various actors in order for the system to function adequately. Working-group Leaders: Francis Lévi, Professor of Medical Oncology and NATF Fellow, and Christian Saguez, Former Professor at École Centrale de Paris and NATF Fellow.
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21 Oct Philosophy of Engineering: Volume 1 of the proceedings of a series of seminars held at The Royal Academy of Engineering

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Royal Academy of Engineering (UK) (RAEng)
2010
The papers in this volume are from the first three of a series of seminars in the philosophy of engineering organised by The Royal Academy of Engineering. The papers were given by philosophers and engineers with an interest in the philosophy of engineering who were invited to speak on a given theme, as described below. The results are a series of papers of great variety, showing a range of different perspectives on the philosophical issues that engineering raises. It is hoped that these will spark philosophical interest and will lead to further, deeper consideration of the topics explored in the seminars.
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21 Oct Engineering the Olympics

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Royal Academy of Engineering (UK) (RAEng)
2011
The 2011 Lloyd’s Register Educational Trust Lecture.  The construction work for the London 2012 Olympic and Paralympic Games is a complex job. It has been compared to building two of the Heathrow Terminal 5 in half the time.  This lecture was delivered by John Armitt, Chairman of the Olympic Delivery Authority (ODA), the body responsible for delivering this work. In his lecture he will describe the various engineering and construction challenges from governance, land assembly, budget agreement, stakeholder relations, planning, programme management and how they were overcome.
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21 Oct Food Innovation and Consumers

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National Academy of Technologies of France (NATF)
2012
The aim of this report is to throw light on the following question: is innovation in food systems compatible, as they exist today, with what consumers want, viz., natural, healthy food? The authors demonstrate that consumers are indeed in the heart of the innovation process but also that new marketing techniques tend to mask technological innovations. Although professionals in foodstuffs have long since learned how to handle and satisfy consumers, offering healthy, safe and tasty food, simple too cook and serve, the same professionals are at a loss when it comes to meeting the demands of consumer-citizen, often close to saturation level with a series of cultural ingredients, even ideologies, who represent a population on whom technical or economic argument have no or little effect.
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21 Oct Risks related to manufactured nanoparticles – Ways of protection and prevention

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National Academy of Technologies of France (NATF)
2012
In research labs as well as in industry, nanomaterials (at least partially made of nanoparticles) are the object of a growing interest. The have lead to many new industrial applications during the last few years and more are on the way. Knowledge about the hazards related to these new materials and nanoparticles issued of these nanomaterials is nevertheless limited, as well as their impact on the Human Health or on the Environment. The purpose of this communication is to assess this problem and to propose ways forward. It lists the present knowledge on the toxicity hazards for populations and the environment. The risks to workers, whether into the Research field or the industrial one are more particularly discussed.
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21 Oct New semiconductors ,new dimensions, new lights

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Real Academia de Ingenieria (Spain) (RAI)
2009
Semiconductors for optoelectronics in the blue. The light-emitting blue diode: its origins. Solid-state lighting. Other applications. Final statement.
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21 Oct Defence technology in the XXI century. The digital combat

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Real Academia de Ingenieria (Spain) (RAI)
2009
The digital revolution. Atoms, neurons and bits. The impact in Defense. The digital trooper. New technologies, new threats. Ethical, legal and social considerations. Final outcomes.
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21 Oct Technology, development and the SMEs

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National Academy of Technologies of France (NATF)
2010
How to help the SMEs to take into account technology evolutions, with all their consequences and how to encourage them to play an even more important role in the innovation process? This report suggests a few elements of answers to these questions. In particular it insists on the necessity of a technical education and training of the highest quality. It advocates the technology education system to be profoundly renovated. It also invites to evaluate the present adequacy of the permanent training system to the needs of SMEs.
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21 Oct Innovation on Aeronautics engineering

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Real Academia de Ingenieria (Spain) (RAI)
2010
The first stages. Military transport aircrafts. Hunting and training aircrafts. Passengers airplanes Airbus family and composites. Equipment goods. Most recent innovations. Conclusion.
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