Environment

18 Oct Value created from productive oceans in 2050/ English

Norwegian Academy of Technological Sciences (NTVA)
2012
The report presents a summary of the potentials for marine industries in Norway. The scale of value generation in marine sector in 2050 is estimated to of the order 70 billion EUR.
Read More

18 Oct Food from the Ocean – Norway’s Opportunities/ English

Norwegian Academy of Technological Sciences (NTVA)
2013
The volume contains the written version of the talks presented at a symposium with the title "Food from the Ocean – Norway's Opportunities".
Read More

18 Oct Renewable instead of fossil resources

Swiss Academy of Engineering Sciences (SATW)
2015
The current price of oil lessens the urgency of replacing fossil with renewable base materials. Yet due to oil’s finite nature, one day this replacement will become inevitable. Addressing this issue today, launching and intensifying research and development activities, therefore represents a major opportunity for Switzerland. Thanks to its academic institutions, its existing infrastructure and its industry, the country is starting from a good position despite difficult economic framework conditions. The new SATW brochure “Renewable instead of fossil resources – An opportunity for Switzerland” describes the current state of technology as regards the production of basic materials, active substances and reusables. It makes the distinction between quasi-available technologies and processes as yet only existing at a conceptual level. It also addresses the necessary and promising industrial combination of biotechnology and chemistry. The survey ends with biorefineries, which in Switzerland have not yet moved beyond the conceptual stage. The brochure closes with a brief list of conclusions and four recommendations, which one can only hope will meet with constructive interest within industry, politics and the population at large, so that this “opportunity for Switzerland” may truly be seized.
Read More

18 Oct Biofuels

National Academy of Technologies of France (NATF)
2010
At the beginning of the 21st century, France has decided to develop its industrial channels related to the production of 1st generation of biofuels, from agricultural fields to transformation plants. These channels include cereal and beet cultures and storage for the production of ethanol as well as colza and sunflowers for the production of vegetal oils. Ethanol and vegetal oils can replace respectively gasoline and diesel after their chemical transformation. Thermochemical processes related to such transformations and their economics are discussed. The report describes also the potential use of agricultural wastes and forestry, which would not compete with the above mentioned agricultural products intended for food. These 2nd generation biofuels are under development and should be operational and in use after 2020.
Read More

18 Oct To free Prometheus – Technologies for humanity

National Academy of Technologies of France (NATF)
2011
In this book, edited on the occasion of the 10th anniversary of the NATF, 25 Fellows express their personal viewpoints on a variety of subjects. The 4 main themes are: Human Life “Homo Sapiens”, Man in his Environment, Innovation in its Context, Prospective and Ethical Issues.
Read More

18 Oct The Cost Effective Delivery of Essential Infrastructure

Irish Academy of Engineering (IAE)
2011
This report follows on from the earlier joint report by the Academy and Engineers Ireland on “Infrastructure for an island population of 8 million people” published in February 2010.  The report is framed within the context of the current serious economic and social environment on the island of Ireland. Two serious problems confront Ireland and Northern Ireland concerning investment infrastructure: - Lack of available capital - Requirement for sustained investment in critical infrastructure to permit essential economic growth and the maintenance of international competitiveness The report recognises that the current reduction in construction prices presents an opportunity to secure significant reductions in the non-construction costs of projects.  By streamlining processes and procedures for land acquisition, planning, public procurement, institutional arrangements, training, skills, funding and financing mechanisms and through synergies between projects in Ireland and Northern Ireland, major cost reductions can be achieved.
Read More

18 Oct Making green growth real: UK offshore wind supply chain

Royal Academy of Engineering (UK) (RAEng)
2011
To learn more about the opportunities and challenges for the UK’s offshore wind supply chain, The Royal Academy of Engineering gathered together leaders from across the industry – developers, suppliers, financiers, policymakers, port owners and education providers – at a roundtable discussion on 11 March 2011. This document summarises the conclusions from that roundtable – making recommendations in four key areas: Infrastructure, Skills, Investment and Health and Safety. In particular, the report recommends that the Government does the following: 1. Support UK businesses that have already secured opportunities within the sector; 2. Engage with businesses planning to enter the market and help them to understand the industry; 3. Explore opportunities for UK companies unaware of the sector, matching gaps in the supply chain to the capabilities of businesses.
Read More

18 Oct From Water Technology to Green Growth

Danish Academy of Technical Sciences (ATV)
2011
What is needed in education, research and technological development to enhance the business potential for Danish companies within the water sector? ATV recommends a more intelligent and long-term management of water challenges. This can contribute to growth, sustainability and working places.
Read More

18 Oct Wind-power: can it be the energy for the 21st century?

National Academy of Technologies of France (NATF)
2009
Given the oil price increase and climate evolution issues, the wind-power is of a renewed strong interest. Many countries are investing in this form of energy and the European Union has set ambitious objectives regarding it. With over 20 years of experience, is this form of energy fulfilling its promises? What are the most immediate problems to solve in order to continue its development and harmonious distribution throughout Europe? Is the investment in wind-energy the most profitable and efficient way to reduce CO2 emissions?
Read More

18 Oct Carbon credits

National Academy of Technologies of France (NATF)
2009
This short opinion of the “Energy and Climate Change” Commission of the NATF emits 3 recommendations; 1. 80% of carbon credits exchanges take place in Europe and 20% in the Kyoto market, via the CDP (Clean Development Mechanism). It should be more widely extended. 2. The complexity and the heavy process of carbon credits attribution should be simplified and a special attention should be paid not to only consider important industries. 3. Given its relatively short lifetime, methane is not as accumulated in the atmosphere as is CO2. The GIEC stressing the importance of methane vs. CO2 (1CH4=25CO2) may detour the fight against the CO2 emissions and disperse our efforts.
Read More